Two things are going on at once, and they move at very different speeds.

What changes

The hands. This is the obvious one. The specific patterns you are allowed to win with are redrawn. A shape you leaned on last year may not exist this year.

The point values. A pattern that survives the redraw can still be repriced. If you choose hands partly by what they pay, that judgment needs refreshing annually.

The section headings. Sections are not fixed furniture. Some recur year after year, others come and go. Read the headings on the card in front of you rather than the ones you remember.

What does not change

Everything about how a line is written:

• Color still means suit, and only suit. Same color, same suit; different colors, different suits. It never tells you which suit to pick.
• Repetition still means group size. Two of a character is a pair, three a pung, four a kong, five a quint, six a sextet.
• X and C still mean exposed and concealed, and the letter still decides whether you may call a discard for that hand.
• The point value still sits at the right of the line.
• Jokers still need a group of three or more. Never a pair, never a single.
• Dragons still follow suits, and the Soap is still a zero on year hands.

That list has held for a long time, and it is the whole reason the annual refresh is manageable. The card is new. The language it is written in is not.

What this means for how you practice

If you spend the year memorizing hands, April erases your work. If you spend it getting fluent at reading, April hands you a new puzzle in a language you already speak.

Fluency here is specific and measurable: look at thirteen tiles, scan a card you have never seen, and name the two or three hands you are closest to before the next discard. That is a skill you can drill, and it transfers across every card the League will ever print.

Our full guide to reading the NMJL card covers the notation piece by piece: the groups, the letters, the sections, X and C, and where a joker is legal. If you are newer than that, start with how to play American Mahjong.

You buy the current card from the National Mah Jongg League or an authorized seller. We do not reproduce its hands here, or anywhere.